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No. 6l5,I92. .Patented Nov. 29, I898.

S. MILNE. V DRIVING 0F PAPER MAKING MACHINES.

(Application filed Dec. 10, 1897.)

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No. 6I5,|92. Patented Nov. 29, I898. S. MILNE. DRIVING OF PAPER MAKING MACHINES.

(Application filed me. 10, 1597.

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lll'il maidx or by both, as may be convenient, but pref- UNITED STATES Y PATENT SAMUEL MILNE, OF NEWVINGTON, SCOTLAND, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO DAVID NOBLE BERTRAM, OF EDINBURGH, SCOTLAND.

DRIVING OF PAPER-MAKING MACHINES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 615,192, dated November 29, 1898. Application filed December 10, 1897. Serial No. 661,428. (No model.)

To aZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, SAMUEL MILNE, a subject of the Queen of Great Britain and Ireland, and a resident of 4 Oxford street, Newington, in the city and county of Edinburgh, Scotland, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in or Relating to the Driving of Paper-Making Machines, of which the following is a specification.

This invention has reference to and comprises a new or improved method or mode of and arrangements and combinations of mech anism or appliances for driving paper-making machines so as to efficiently difierentiate the speed of the various members of the same while the machine is in motion, and thus compensate for the contraction or expansion of the web of paper as it passes through the several members or rolls or cylinders of the machine. These improvements will give many advantages over the present methods of driving paper-making machines, such as steadiness and regularity of motion, with less liability to breakage of the paper and accidents to workmen, While requiring no'shifting-belt forks and taking up less room and requiring no bevel-gearing, with less risk of a stoppage through belts breaking.

The improvements consist, first, in driving all the different or principal members or more than one of the members of a paper-making machine by one endless driving band or belt, which band or belt may be a flat belt, a link chain, or a V-shaped band or a round rope, instead of, as heretofore, bya number of belts or bands, and in the means whereby the regulation of the speed of each member of the machine is accomplished. Power, however, is taken to drive any parts by special belts in addition to the main drive, such as to drive the winding-up gear.

According to one arrangement for driving by a single flat band or belt running parallel to the side of the machine the shaft for driving each separate member is fitted with a conical pulley over which the band or belt runs. The shaft for each drive or member is supported in bearings and may be connected to the various members by clutch or gearing,

erably by wheel and pinion and a friction clutch. Beside each conical pulley one or more guide-pulleys are placed, so that the belt is conducted, say, over the top half of the conical pulley, under a guide pulley or pulleys, then over the top half of another conical pulley, and so on to end of the machine. Before the first conical pulley and after the last one a pulley of preferably larger diameter than the conical pulleys is provided, the band or belt passing at one end from the conical pulley, under the large pulley, thence along over the tops above all the conical pulleys, (supported on carrying-pulleys as may be necessary,) around the large pulley at other end, and from thence onto conical pulleys again. It will be seen by this arrangement all the conical pulleys are in contact with the outer side of the band or belt, While all the guide-pulleys, as also the large pulleys at each end, are on the inner side of the belt. This is important, as each side of the belt is in contact only with surfaces of identical shape, thus reducing wear and tear to a minimum. One of the large pulleys, preferably the one receiving the belt from the conical pulley next it, may be used as a driving-pulley for the Whole machine and is mounted on a shaft which is driven by gearing or otherwise from the motive power. The other large pulley would be arranged so that it could be used as a tightener for the belt or band.

It is to be understood that amain drivingpulley can be introduced in any convenient place along the whole machine, or one of the pulleys could be utilized as a main drivingpulley, and that a separate belt-tightening arrangement could be provided.

The conical pulleys are made wider than the driving-band, and means are provided whereby each of the conical pulleys can be moved in a direction at right angles to the direction the belt is running in or across the belt, so that the belt may come in contact with any part of its surface. conical pulley so that its largest diameter is under the belt the speed of the member that pulley drives will be reduced; and by moving the conical pulley so that its smallest diameter is under the belt the speed is increased,

By moving the 5 and by this means the speed of each member of the machine can be regulated to the greatest nicety.

The transverse movement of the conical pulleys in relation to the band or belt may be obtained in various ways. One way would be to hate the shaft so mounted that it could have no lateral movement, and the conical pulley be shifted on the shaft by screw-levers or otherwise to the required position, and the cone being caused to drive the shaft by a feather or otherwise. By another way the cone may be keyed to the shaft and the shaft caused to move laterally by any suitable means to bring the cone to the required position. In this case the pinion would have either to slide on the shaft or be made wide enough to allow for the travel of the shaft and cone or the clutch be arranged to slide on the shaft. By still another way the cone, pinion, or clutch may be mounted on sleeves which would be provided with means for moving them along the shaft.

The aforesaid guide-pulleys not only carry the band or belt from one conical pulley to the other, but keep the belt running in the desired position, so that the shifting of the conical pulleys d oes not affect the position the belt runs in, and to this end, if necessary, these pulleys may be flanged.

Although the driving band or belt has been described as returning on the tops of the conical pulleys, it is to be understood that it may pass from the end pulleys downward and return under the conical pulleys.

The belt or band would be made endless, and if flat would be made thicker at one edge than the other, so that it would fit the taper of the conical pulleys, and the side acting on the conical pulleys would have a full bearing and have no tendency to move laterally on the cone-pulleys.

Another arrangement of the driving of the different members of a paper-making machine by one continuous band or belt consists in using instead of a flat band on cone-pulleys, as described above, a round or V-shaped band in grooved pulleys. In this case the grooved pulleys would be made so that their diameters or effective diameters could be altered to give the required adjustment to the various members of the machine. In carrying out this arrangement the grooved pulleys would be split through the center of the groove and mounted on shafts in such a manner that the one half could be moved to and from the other half to decrease or increase the width of the groove, and thus increase or decrease the effective diameter of the pulley.

In order that my said invention may be more readily understood and carried into practical effect, I have hereunto annexed three sheets of explanatory drawings illustrating modified arrangements of my im proved driving-gear.

Figure 1 shows a skeleton elevation of a paper-making machine of ordinary size and design for the purpose of illustrating the application of the improved driving-gear; but it must be understood that the gearing can he applied to any size, style, or kind of paper-making machine. Fig. 2 is aside View, and Fig. 3 is a plan view, of the gearing for the machine of Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a side view of the invention when two belts are used. Fig. 5 is a plan view of the same. Fig. 0 is a side view of a modification in which one continuous rope or band is used. Fig. 7 is an elevation, and Fig. 8 a plan view, of a further modification. Fig. 0 is an elevation of an arrangement with three ropes used as the driving means. Fig. i) is a plan View of the arrangement shown in Fig. 9. Fig. 10 is a view of one of the pulleys and the belt adapted thereto. Fig. 11 is asectional View showing a belt-pulley and means for adj usting the same.

The driving-belt is shown at a. This belt is endless, and by reason of guide-pulleys 0 one sideonly comes in contact with pulleys b. The main driving-pulley A is shown at one end and the tightening-pulley A at opposite end. The cone-pulleys b are movable across the belt a to give the necessary variation of speed to each member. The gearing by which the movement of the conical pulleys is imparted to the machine may be simple, compound, internal, or external, or the shafts on which such pulleys are mounted may be connected direct to the members, as may be required. The main driving-pulley may be placed at either end and the belt may return under the pulleys instead of over them, as shown.

Figs. 4 and 5 show a plan and elevation of the gearing when the belts to a are used. \Vhen the driving-pulley A is near the center of the machine, one belt would be taken toward each end of the machine and tightening-pulleys A arranged at the ends, as shown. This enables a narrower belt to be used, reduces cost, and has all the advantages of the one-belt drive as regards steadiness of running. The details would be allsimilarto Figs. 2 and 3.

In each of the arrangements, Figs. 2, 3, 4, and 5, the belt a is made tapered, (see Fig. 10,) and the guide-pulleys and cones are so arranged that one side of such belt comes in contact with cones only, while the other side comes in contact with the other guide-pulleys, which allows the belt to properly fit the surfaces it comes in contact with without being strained, and so saving wear and tear.

In certain machines it may be desirable to place the main driving pulley or pulleys A on one of the cross-shafts which gives motion to a member of the machine. The member on which the driving pulley or pulleys is fixed would then have a positive speed, all the others being adjustable by the cones to suit. There can of course be only one positive speed in any machine.

Fig. 6 shows an arrangement of gearing for driving a machine such as shown in Fig. 1 by one continuous rope or V-shaped band a. In this case the guide-pulleys c are dispensed with, as the rope a will run over the pulleys in any direction, the gearing being made to suit the direction of rotation required. It may in certain cases be necessary to use guide-pulleys 0 should the shafts be so far apart as not to give sufficient lap on the pulleys to insure that slipping will not occur. This arrangement has the main driving-pulleyAat one end and the tightening-pulley A at the other end, as in Fig. 2. The speed of each member is varied by altering the ef fective diameter of the pulleys by moving the sides between which the rope runs to or from each other by means of suitable gearing, and the construction of such pulleys may be similar to that shown in Fig. 11.

Figs. *7 and 8 show an elevation and plan view, respectively, of an arrangement of gearing having two ropes a a the main drivingpulley A being near the center of the machine. It may, however, be in any position. For the purpose of illustration I have shown the shaft on which the driving-pulleys are placed geared direct to one of the members, which is thus driven at a positive speed.

There may be one such drive in a machine and the speed of the other members varied to suit. There is a tightening-pulley A at each end.

Fig. 9 is an elevation showing an arrangement with three ropes a a a the drivingpulley A being at one end. In this case the one a is led from the main pulley A over or under, say, three of the variable pulleys h, under a guide-pulley c, then under second pulley c, thence along to the tightening-pul ley A at the other end, and then back direct to pulley A. The guide-pulley'c could of course be used as a tightening-pulley and the rope led directly back from it to driving-pulley A. The second rope a is led from the main driving-pulley A under a guide-pulley 0, over or under, say, three variable pulleys I), under another guide-pulley c, thence along to tightening-pulley A at end, and back to main driving-pulley A. This rope may of course be returned to main driving-pulley A from the second guide-pulley, which could be used as a tightening-pulley. The third rope a is led from main pulley A under a guide-pulley c, then over or under, say, five variable pulleys b, thence around tighteningpulley A, and back to main pulley A. The main driving pulley A may of course be placed nearer center of machine and one or more ropes go toward each end, as may suit circumstances. The tightening-pulleys A may be placed in any position, either above or below the other pulleys. In cases where more than one rope is used they may run alongside each other, using one as the driving-power for each member running on a variable pulley and the others running on a pulley which is loose on the shaft. I may also have two ropes giving power to any one member, the variable pulley being made with two variable grooves. Lastly, the pulleys b may act in sympathy with each other by enlarging and decreasing their driving diameters simultaneously or one enlarging and the other decreasing, according to any definite ratio of speed required between certain members, and in such connection may be operated in sets or sections.

Fig. 1 0 shows how the beveled form of belt is fitted to the conical form of pulley.

Having thus particularly described the nature of my said invention, I declare that what I'claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In combination in a paper-making machine, a series of rollers, an endless belt for moving them, and means for operating the belt, cone-pulleys connected with the rollers and adjustable in relation to the belt whereby from a continuously and uniformly operating belt different speeds may be given to the rollers, the said cone-pulleys comprising the two parts constituting divided pulleys, substantially as described.

2. In combination in a paper-making machine, a series of rollers, an endless belt for moving them and means for operating the belt, cone-pulleys connected with the rollers and adjustable in relation to the belt whereby from' a continuously and uniformly operating belt different speeds may be given to the rollers, substantially as described.

3. In a paper-making machine, the combination with conical pulleys for driving all or more than one of the members of said machine, of means for imparting an endwise movement to said pulleys, as and for the purposes set forth.

4. In a paper-making machine, the combination with conical pulleys for driving all or more than one of the members of said machine, and means for imparting an endwise movement to such pulleys, of guide-pulleys, a driving-pulley, a shaft supporting the same, one or more tension -pulleys, and a driving strap or belt passing over and under said conical and guide pulleys respectively, and around said driving and tension pulleys, as set forth.

5. In a paper-making machine, the combination with conical pulleys for driving all, or more than one of the members of said machine and means for imparting an endwise movement to said conical pulleys, of guidepulleys, a driving-pulley, a shaft supporting the same, two tension-pulleys, and two endless belts or straps as and for the purposes set forth.

6. In a paper-making machine, the combination with conical pulleys for driving all or more than one of the members of said ma chine, and means for imparting an endwise movement to said pulleys, of an endless strap or belt, a driving-pulley, a shaft therefor, and one or more tension-pulleys, as set forth.

chine and means for altering the effective driving diameter of said pulleys, of a driving-' pulley, two or more tension-pulleys, and two or more endless ropes of round or V-shaped cross-section, passing under, or over, said pulleys and around the driving and tension pulleys, as set forth.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of two witnesses.

SAMUEL MILNE. \Vitnesses:

J NO. SHANNON, ROBERT MILNE. 

